{"id":5340,"date":"2023-01-30T04:36:45","date_gmt":"2023-01-30T04:36:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/?p=5340"},"modified":"2023-02-19T05:19:38","modified_gmt":"2023-02-19T05:19:38","slug":"xabarlar-bilan-ishlash-1-dars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/?p=5340","title":{"rendered":"Xabarlar bilan ishlash (1-dars)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Matnlarni formatlash<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Telegram bot orqali foydalanuvchilarga jo’natilayotgan xabarlarni formatlab jo’natish imkoniyati mavjud bo’lib, textlarni ajralib turadigan va chiroyliroq qilib jo’natish imkonini beradi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ushbu formatlash bizga botimiz orqali foydalanuvchilarga bold<\/strong>, italic<\/em>, underline<\/u>, strikethrough<\/s>, code<\/code>, url<\/a> va spoiler(ustiga bosilmagunigacha ko’rinmaydigan) ko’rinishidagi matnlarni jo’nata olamiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Formatlash uchun 3xil format mavjud: HTML, Markdown va MarkdownV2. Bulardan asosan foydalanadiganlar HTML va Markdown2 hisoblanadi. Shuning uchun biz siz bilan shu ikki usulda matnlarni formatlab jo’natishni ko’rib chiqamiz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quyidagi kodni birinchi bo’limda yozgan kodimizga \/start<\/code> buyurg’ini “ushlab” olish uchun yozilgan handler’dan kegin qo’shib olamiz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E’tibor bergan bo’lsangiz biz answer()<\/code> funksiyasiga faqatgina text argumentini emas,balki parse_mode<\/code> argumentini ham qo’shdik,ushbu argument orqali biz Telegram’ga matnimizni qaysi formatda formatlash kerakligini ko’rsatamiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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@dp.message_handler<\/span>(<\/span>commands<\/span>=[<\/span>'format'<\/span>])<\/span><\/span>\nasync<\/span> <\/span>def<\/span> <\/span>formating<\/span>(<\/span>message<\/span>: types.Message):<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span># HTML<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.answer(<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>text<\/span>=<\/span>"<b>Black<\/b>, <i>italic<\/i>, <u>underline<\/u>, <s>strikethrough<\/s>, <a href='https:\/\/example.com'>link<\/a>, <tg-spoiler>spoiler<\/tg-spoiler><\/span>\\n\\n<\/span>HTML"<\/span>,<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>parse_mode<\/span>=<\/span>'HTML'<\/span>,<\/span><\/span>\n    )<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span># MarkdownV2<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.answer(<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>text<\/span>=<\/span>"*Black*, _italic_, __underline__, ~strikethrough~, [link](https:\/\/example.com), ||spoiler||<\/span>\\n\\n<\/span>MarkdownV2"<\/span>,<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>parse_mode<\/span>=<\/span>'MarkdownV2'<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>Python<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Keling endi kodimizni ishga tushirib, botimizni sinab ko’ramiz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>\nTo’liq kod: havola<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Matnlarni formatlash bo’yicha to’liqroq quyidagi havola orqali tanishib chiqishingiz mumkin: havola<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aiogramning Bot<\/code> classida parse_mode<\/code> argumenti bo’lib, ushbu argument orqali biz oson qaysi format turida formatlash kerakligini bera olamiz, masalan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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bot = Bot(<\/span>"BOT_TOKEN"<\/span>,<\/span>parse_mode<\/span>=types.ParseMode.HTML)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>Python<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Media fayllar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Telegram Bot orqali nafaqat matnlar bilan ishlash, shu bilan bir qatorda rasmlar, giflar, videolar, audiolar, stickerlar, geolokatsiyalar va hokazolar bilan ishlash mumkin. Barcha media fayllar o’zining file_id<\/code> va file_unique_id<\/code>siga ega. file_id<\/code> bitta mediafaylni ko’p martta tezkor yuborish uchun foydalanilishi mumkin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tezkor yuborish mumkinligining sababi ushbu fayl allaqachon Telegram serverlarida mavjudligidur. Botlarda media fayllarni yuborish uchun ushbu usuldan foydalanish tavsiya etiladi. Masalan, quyidagi kod foydalanuvchidan kelgan animatsiya’ni o’ziga bir zumda file_id<\/code>si orqali qaytaradi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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# Foydalanuvchidan kelayotgan sticker'ni "ushlab" olish uchun handler<\/span><\/span>\n@dp.message_handler<\/span>(<\/span>content_types<\/span>=[<\/span>'sticker'<\/span>])<\/span><\/span>\nasync<\/span> <\/span>def<\/span> <\/span>return_anim<\/span>(<\/span>message<\/span>: types.Message):<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span># Foydalanuvchi jo'natgan stickerga javoban jo'natilgan stickerni qaytaradi<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.reply_sticker(message.sticker.file_id)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>Python<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>\nfile_id<\/code> har bir Telegram Bot uchun unikal bo’ladi, yani bitta bot orqali olingan file_id<\/code> boshqa bot uchun ishlamaydi. file_unique_id<\/code> esa biror bir media fayl uchun boshqa botlarda ham o’zgarmas identifikator hisoblanadi, file_unique_id<\/code> orqali mediafayllarni jo’natib bo’lmaydi.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Aiogramda foydalanuvchidan kelgan media fayllar va fayllarni yuklash uchun download()<\/code> funksiyasi mavjud,namuna uchun kod:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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# Foydalanuvchidan kelgan faylni "ushlab" olish uchun handler<\/span><\/span>\n@dp.message_handler<\/span>(<\/span>content_types<\/span>=[<\/span>'document'<\/span>])<\/span><\/span>\nasync<\/span> <\/span>def<\/span> <\/span>down_doc<\/span>(<\/span>message<\/span>: types.Message):<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span># Bot ishga tushirilgan direktoriyaga faylni yuklaydi<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.document.download()<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.reply(<\/span>"\u2705 Fayl muvaffaqiyatli yuklandi!"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n# Foydalanuvchidan kelgan rasmni "ushlab" olish uchun handler<\/span><\/span>\n@dp.message_handler<\/span>(<\/span>content_types<\/span>=[<\/span>"photo"<\/span>])<\/span><\/span>\nasync<\/span> <\/span>def<\/span> <\/span>down_photo<\/span>(<\/span>message<\/span>: types.Message):<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span># Bot ishga tushirilgan diroktoriyadagi images nomli papkaga rasmni yuklaydi.<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.photo[-<\/span>1<\/span>].download()<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>await<\/span> message.reply(<\/span>"\u2705 Rasm muvaffaqiyatli yuklandi!"<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>Python<\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>\nE’tibor bergan bo’lsangiz biz rasmni yuklashda message.photo[-1]<\/code> qildik. Buning sababi foydalanuvchi botga rasm yuborganida Telegram bizga bitta photo<\/code> obyektida foydalanuvchi jo’natgan rasmnining har-xil sifatdagisini yuboradi, eng oxirgisi eng sifatlisi hisoblanadi, shuning uchun biz eng oxirgi elementni, yani eng sifatli rasmning file_id<\/code>sini [-1]<\/code> orqali olamiz va yuklaymiz.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Keyingi qism: Tugmalar bilan ishlash(2-dars)<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ushbu bo’limda biz siz bilan Telegram bot tuzish uchun mo’ljallangan aiogram framework’ida xabarlar bilan ishlashni o’rganamiz!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":5308,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[103,104],"class_list":["post-5340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dasturlash","tag-aiogram","tag-telegram-bot"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5340"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5340\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5731,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5340\/revisions\/5731"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/texnokun.uz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Natija: <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n